Sequential Circuits

Explore registers, counters, and finite state machines. Watch how sequential circuits store and transform data on each clock edge, building the foundation for processors and memory.

Digital Logic FoundationsPrerequisite: Flip-Flops & Combinational Logic

CLK

4-Bit Shift Register (Right)

Data shifts through flip-flops on each clock edge

Serial In

2^3

D-FF0Q0

2^2

D-FF0Q1

2^1

D-FF0Q2

2^0

D-FF0Q3

Data flows left to right

Binary:0000

Decimal:0

1.0x

Metrics

Clock Cycles

Decimal Value

Binary Value

0000

State History

T=00000= 0GREEN

4-Bit Shift Register

A shift register is a cascade of flip-flops sharing the same clock, where the output of each flip-flop is connected to the input of the next. Data shifts one position per clock cycle.

Serial-In: A new bit enters from the left on each clock edge

Serial-Out: The rightmost bit exits on each shift

Applications: Serial-to-parallel conversion, delay lines, data buffering

Each D flip-flop captures its input only on the rising edge of the clock